How to set up a shisha, step by step

The short answer: fill the base so the stem sits about 2 to 3cm under the water, fit the stem and check the seal, pack the bowl loosely, add foil or a heat management device, then place fully lit coconut coals on top and let it heat up for a few minutes. It takes about 15 minutes, most of it waiting for the coals.

1. Water

Fill the base with cold water so the bottom of the stem (or the diffuser) sits about 2 to 3cm under the surface. Too much water makes it hard to draw; too little makes it harsh. Ice in the water gives a cooler session.

2. Assemble and check the seal

Fit the stem into the base and connect the hose. Put your palm over the top of the stem and draw on the hose: if no air gets through, it's sealed. If it leaks, check the grommets and connections.

3. Pack the bowl

1. Fluff the flavour so it's loose.
2. Sprinkle it into the bowl; don't press it down.
3. Leave a gap of about 2mm below the rim.

Not sure which bowl? See phunnel vs killer bowl.

4. Foil or HMD

• Foil: stretch it tightly over the bowl and poke 20 to 30 small holes from the centre outwards.
• HMD: simply place it on the bowl. See heat management explained.

5. Light the coals

Heat natural coconut coals on an electric burner, turning them with tongs, until they're glowing and grey all over (usually 8 to 10 minutes). How many? See charcoal sizes explained.

6. Heat up and enjoy

Place the coals around the edge of the foil, or in the HMD. Give it 3 to 5 minutes to heat through, taking slow, gentle draws. Then relax.

Quick fixes

• Harsh or burnt taste: too much heat. Remove a coal, or move the coals to the edge.
• Weak cloud: not enough heat, or the bowl is packed too tightly. Add heat slowly, or repack more loosely.
• Hard to draw: too much water, a blocked bowl hole, or the flavour is packed too tightly.
• Air leak: check the grommets and the hose connection.

Stay safe

Always use charcoal in a well-ventilated space, on a stable, heat-proof surface, and never leave lit coals unattended. Let everything cool before you clean it (see how to clean your shisha). Shisha is for adults aged 18 and over.

Starting from scratch? A shisha starter kit includes everything you need.